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  Indian J Med Microbiol
 

Figure 2: Indirect immunofluorescence using monkey esophagus. (a) A representative case of paraneoplastic pemphigus, stained with fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated immunoglobulin G (green staining) shows positive staining in the intercellular spaces pattern (yellow arrow) and at the basement membrane zone (white arrow). The combination of intercellular spaces and basement membrane zone deposition may be seen in Senear-Usher syndrome, paraneoplastic pemphigus and in El Bagre- endemic pemphigus foliaceus. (b) In paraneoplastic pemphigus, fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated immunoglobulin G staining is again present (green staining; yellow arrow). Texas red conjugated collagen IV antibody is positive at the basement membrane zone (red staining). Keratinocyte nuclear staining is demonstrated via 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (whitish staining; white arrow). In (b) antibodies to the sweat glands may also be seen. In (c), fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated complement/C3 is positive in a case of paraneoplastic pemphigus (yellow staining; white arrow) and in (d) sweat gland structures in the same case as c are further highlighted utilizing Ulex (positivity in sweat gland vessels (fuchsia staining; white arrow); sweat gland nuclei are counterstained with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (light blue staining; white arrow)

Figure 2: Indirect immunofluorescence using monkey esophagus. (a) A representative case of paraneoplastic pemphigus, stained with fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated immunoglobulin G (green staining) shows positive staining in the intercellular spaces pattern (yellow arrow) and at the basement membrane zone (white arrow). The combination of intercellular spaces and basement membrane zone deposition may be seen in Senear-Usher syndrome, paraneoplastic pemphigus and in El Bagre- endemic pemphigus foliaceus. (b) In paraneoplastic pemphigus, fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated immunoglobulin G staining is again present (green staining; yellow arrow). Texas red conjugated collagen IV antibody is positive at the basement membrane zone (red staining). Keratinocyte nuclear staining is demonstrated via 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (whitish staining; white arrow). In (b) antibodies to the sweat glands may also be seen. In (c), fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated complement/C3 is positive in a case of paraneoplastic pemphigus (yellow staining; white arrow) and in (d) sweat gland structures in the same case as c are further highlighted utilizing <i>Ulex</i> (positivity in sweat gland vessels (fuchsia staining; white arrow); sweat gland nuclei are counterstained with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (light blue staining; white arrow)