|
 
 |
| META-ANALYSIS |
|
| Year : 2016 | Volume
: 8
| Issue : 1 | Page : 13-16 |
|
Development of nasopalatine duct cyst in relation to dental implant placement
Hashem Motahir Al-Shamiri1, Samir Elfaki2, Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri2, Nader Ahmed Alaizari2, Bassel Tarakji2
1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Al-Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
2 Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Al-Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| Date of Web Publication | 29-Jan-2016 |
Correspondence Address:
Hashem Motahir Al-Shamiri
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Al-Farabi Colleges, Riyadh
Saudi Arabia
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/1947-2714.175187
Background: Dental implantation is considered as one of the most widely employed procedures in dental practice. Nasopalatine duct cyst (NPDC) is one of the most common developmental cysts in the oral cavity that develops from the proliferation of embryological epithelial remnants of nasopalatine duct. Aim: The aim of this study was to highlight the development of NPDC after the placement of dental implants. Materials and Methods: A literature search was carried out in March 2015 using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases, searching for articles relating the development of NPDC after placement of dental implants. Results: Our search identified only four case reports of NPDC related to dental implants as reported in the literature published in English. Conclusion: Placement of dental implants can induce development of NPDCs, indicating that placement of dental implants requires well-trained specialists with perfect skills in dental implantology. Additionally, critical selection of appropriate cases is of great importance in order to avoid the development of such complications. Keywords: Dental implant, nasopalatine duct cyst (NPDC), nonodontogenic cyst
How to cite this article:
Al-Shamiri HM, Elfaki S, Al-Maweri SA, Alaizari NA, Tarakji B. Development of nasopalatine duct cyst in relation to dental implant placement. North Am J Med Sci 2016;8:13-6 |
How to cite this URL:
Al-Shamiri HM, Elfaki S, Al-Maweri SA, Alaizari NA, Tarakji B. Development of nasopalatine duct cyst in relation to dental implant placement. North Am J Med Sci [serial online] 2016 [cited 2022 Jan 16];8:13-6. Available from: https://www.najms.org/text.asp?2016/8/1/13/175187 |
| Introduction | |  |
Dental implantation is considered as one of the most widely employed procedures in dental practice. Even though biocompatible osseointegrated dental materials are used for fabrication of dental implant, some complications correlated with dental implants may occur. [1] Moreover, placement of dental implants in the maxilla may be complicated by certain anatomical landmarks such as the nasopalatine duct, maxillary sinus, and nasal cavity. [2] This may jeopardize the surgical osteotomy preparation. [3],[4]
Nasopalatine duct cyst (NPDC) is an intraosseous developmental nonodontogenic cyst in the midline of the anterior palate. It is one of the most common developmental cysts in the oral cavity. [5] It develops from the proliferation of embryological epithelial remnants of nasopalatine duct. [6] It represents about 1% of the maxillary cysts. [5],[7] The etiology of NPDC is unknown, but the possible causes may include local trauma, infection, and spontaneous proliferation. [8] The cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) with its potential for 3D CT-based surgical planning and measurement helps in the evaluation of the nasopalatine canal dimensions before any surgical procedures in this region. [9] It has been reported that CBCT is superior to the conventional CT in that it reduces the size of the irradiated area of the patient and it has higher image accuracy. [10]
The aim of this study was to highlight the development of NPDC after the placement of dental implants.
| Materials and Methods | | |
A literature search was carried out in March 2015 using MEDLINE, accessed via the National Library of Medicine PubMed Interface, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases, searching for articles, published in English, relating the development of NPDC after the placement of dental implants. We used a combination of the following keywords: Nasopalatine duct cyst, nonodontogenic cyst, developmental cyst, and dental implants. The search was limited to articles published during the past 20 years. We also used the "related article feature" of PubMed to identify further references of interest within the primary search. These references were obtained, and their bibliographies and pertinent secondary references were also identified and acquired. This process was repeated until no further new articles could be identified. The abstracted literature was reviewed.
Inclusion criteria
All evaluated studies should involve the occurrence of NPDC in relation to the dental implant placement.
Exclusion criteria
All studies that do not support the occurrence of NPDC after the placement of dental implants should be excluded.
| Results | | |
Only four articles were identified related to the occurrence of NPDC after the placement of dental implants in the literature published in English. All of these articles were case reports [Table 1]. [Table 1] demonstrates some details about each case that included preoperative radiographs, preoperative condition of the site of implant placement, type of the implant used (either immediate or delayed), the period from placement of implant till discovery of the lesion, cyst treatment, and the postoperative clinical outcomes.
| Discussion | | |
NPDC is more common in males than in females (3:1). [11],[12],[13] Although the etiology of NPDC is not clear as per yet, it may result from spontaneous proliferation of embryonic tissues remnants. Also, it has been attributed to some factors including local trauma, poorly fitting dentures, and local infection. [12],[14] NPDC is usually asymptomatic and it appears radiographically as a heart-shaped radiolucency due to the superimposition of the nasal spine and the resistance of the adjacent roots.
As a treatment protocol, marsupialization alone may be sufficient in small lesions, but in case of large lesions marsupialization should be followed by cystectomy and autogenous bone grafting. [12]
To our knowledge, this is the first review reporting NPDC cases after the placement of dental implants. McCrea [15] reported a case of NPDC in a close proximity to a dental implant. No any pathological conditions were detected in the medical history of the patient. The author clarified that the implant presented a formally successful osseointegration. The bone on the implant surface was not lost due to infection, but as a by-product of the expansive nature of the NPDC in that area. The author proposed that with the removal of this expansive force induced by the NPDC, the bone-implant contact could be restored, though he did not explain clearly the possible relation between the formation of NPDC in reference to the placement of dental implant.
Takeshita et al. [2] reported a case of a 45-year-old male patient, who received an implant in the maxillary left central incisor due to root fracture. Unfortunately, an asymptomatic oval-shaped radiolucency surrounding the apical area of the implant was revealed, even though there was no special finding in the physical condition of the patient. This radiolucency was diagnosed later as the NPDC. The authors suggested that the nasopalatine duct was traumatized or at least part of the canal was anteriorly positioned during the osteotomy procedures for dental implant. They postulated that the previously mentioned trauma stimulated the development of the NPDC as indicated by Brode and Araiche. [16]
Casado et al. [17] reported a case of NPDC formation following the placement of an immediate dental implant. The immediate implant was placed after extraction of a tooth in an alveolus contaminated by prior endodontic infection, following careful curettage and debridement. They suggested that the placement of dental implant in the area with a preexisting infection could have facilitated the secondary bone infection.
Sivolella et al. [18] reported a case of NPDC that occurred following the placement of two dental implants positioned 4 years after the teeth extraction without any previous local endodontic pathology or radiolucency. They concluded that the occurrence of NPDC maybe correlated with implant surgery, because surgery is considered a possible irritant cause.
| Conclusion | | |
From the literature, the development of NPDC following the placement of dental implant maybe related to some factors, such as local trauma during surgical procedures, which may traumatize the nasopalatine duct and the presence of infection at the time of implantation.
Therefore, critical selection of appropriate cases as well as the use of CBCT views to visualize the exact position of the nasopalatine duct is of great importance in order to avoid the development of such complications. Furthermore, the use of tapered implants in this region may be beneficial. [19]
Financial support and sponsorship
No financial support for this study.
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.
| References | | |
| 1. | Olmedo DG, Paparella ML, Brandizzi D, Cabrini RL. Reactive lesions of peri-implant mucosa associated with titanium dental implants: A report of 2 cases . Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010;39:503-7.  |
| 2. | Takeshita K, Funaki K, Jimbo R, Takahashi T. Nasopalatine duct cyst developed in association with dental implant treatment: A case report and histopathological observation . J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2013;17:319. |
| 3. | Artzi Z, Nemcovsky CE, Bitlitum I, Segal P. Displacement of the incisive foramen in conjunction with implant placement in the anterior maxilla without jeopardizing vitality of nasopalatine nerve and vessels: A novel surgical approach . Clin Oral Implants Res 2000;11:505-10. |
| 4. | Liddelow G, Klineberg I. Patient-related risk factors for implant therapy. A critique of pertinent literature . Aust Dent J 2011;56:417-26; quiz 441. |
| 5. | Escoda Francolí J, Almendros Marqués N, Berini Aytés L, Gay Escoda C. Nasopalatine duct cyst: Report of 22 cases and review of the literature . Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2008; 13:E438-43. |
| 6. | Nortjé CJ, Wood RE. The radiologic features of the nasopalatine duct cyst. An analysis of 46 cases . Dentomaxillofac Radiol 1988;17:129-32. |
| 7. | Swanson KS, Kaugars GE, Gunsolley JC. Nasopalatine duct cyst: An analysis of 334 cases . J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1991;49:268-71. |
| 8. | Ely N, Sheehy EC, McDonald F. Nasopalatine duct cyst: A case report . Int J Paediatr Dent 2001;11:135-7. |
| 9. | Thakur AR, Burde K, Guttal K, Naikmasur VG. Anatomy and morphology of the nasopalatine canal using cone-beam computed tomography . Imaging Sci Dent 2013;43:273-81. |
| 10. | Scarfe WC, Farman AG, Sukovic P. Clinical applications of cone-beam computed tomography in dental practice . J Can Dent Assoc 2006;72:75-80. |
| 11. | Vasconcelos R, de Aguiar MF, Castro W, de Araújo VC, Mesquita R. Retrospective analysis of 31 cases of nasopalatine duct cyst . Oral Dis 1999;5:325-8. |
| 12. | Gnanasekhar JD, Walvekar SV, al-Kandari AM, al-Duwairi Y. Misdiagnosis and mismanagement of a nasopalatine duct cyst and its corrective therapy. A case report . Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1995;80:465-70. |
| 13. | Elliott KA, Franzese CB, Pitman KT. Diagnosis and surgical management of nasopalatine duct cysts . Laryngoscope 2004;114:1336-40. |
| 14. | Velasquez-Smith MT, Mason C, Coonar H, Bennett J. A nasopalatine cyst in an 8-year-old child . Int J Paediatr Dent 1999;9:123-7. |
| 15. | McCrea SJ. Nasopalatine duct cyst, a delayed complication to successful dental implant placement: Diagnosis and surgical management . J Oral Implantol 2014;40:189-95. |
| 16. | Brode H, Araiche M. Nasopalatine cyst: Report of a case . J Oral Surg Anesth Hosp Dent Serv 1959;17:64-5. [ PUBMED] |
| 17. | Casado PL, Donner M, Pascarelli B, Derocy C, Duarte ME, Barboza EP. Immediate dental implant failure associated with nasopalatine duct cyst . Implant Dent 2008;17:169-75. |
| 18. | Sivolella S, Valente M, Gasparini E, Stellini E. Nasopalatine duct cyst as a complication of dental implant placement: A case report. Minerva Stomatol 2013;62:235-9. |
| 19. | Chatriyanuyoke P, Lu CI, Suzuki Y, Lozada JL, Rungcharassaeng K, Kan JY, et al. Nasopalatine canal position relative to the maxillary central incisors: A cone beam computed tomography assessment. J Oral Implantol 2012;38:713-7. |
[Table 1]
| This article has been cited by | | 1 |
Nasopalatine duct cyst occurring after secondary alveolar bone grafting: A case report |
|
| Yoshikazu Kobayashi, Iyo Kyo, Koji Satoh, Madoka Isomura, Makoto Urano | | Oral Science International. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 2 |
Titanium dental implant-related pathologies: A retrospective histopathological study |
|
| María Luisa Paparella,Mariela Gisele Domingo,Sebastián Ariel Puia,Elisabeth Jacobi-Gresser,Daniel Gustavo Olmedo | | Oral Diseases. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 3 |
Morphological evaluation of the incisive canal with reference to gender and age: A cone-beam computed tomography study |
|
| AI Linjawi, MA Othman, AA Dirham, SH Ghoneim, SR Aljohani, RR Dause, HY A Marghalani | | Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice. 2021; 24(11): 1596 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 4 |
Nasopalatin duct cysts: Report of ten cases and review of literature |
|
| Baygin Melike,Koltuk Melek,Koseoglu Banu Gurkan | | International Journal of Clinical Anesthesia and Research. 2020; 4(1): 019 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 5 |
Salvage of Dental Implant Located in Mandibular Odontogenic Cyst. A Conservative Surgical Treatment Proposal |
|
| Antonio Troiano,Giorgio Lo Giudice,Roberto De Luca,Fabrizio Lo Giudice,Salvatore D’Amato,Gianpaolo Tartaro,Giuseppe Colella | | Dentistry Journal. 2020; 8(2): 49 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 6 |
Differences in the shape and direction-course of the nasopalatine canal among dentate, partially edentulous and completely edentulous subjects |
|
| Blanca Gil-Marques,Juan A. Sanchis-Gimeno,Aritza Brizuela-Velasco,Marcelino Perez-Bermejo,Carolina Larrazábal-Morón | | Anatomical Science International. 2019; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | |
|
 |
|
|
|
Search Pubmed for