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Haptoglobin polymorphism in individuals with type 2 diabetic microangiopathy
Ahmad Ahmadzadeh Amiri1, Mohammad Bagher Hashemi-Soteh2, Mohammad Reza Haghshenas3, Fatemeh Daneshvar4, Afsaneh Rastegar5, Toraj Farazmand2
1 Department of Ophthalmology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences; Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center and Medical Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
2 Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center and Medical Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
3 Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center and Medical Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran; Department of Microbiology, Molecular Cell-Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
4 General Medicine, Research Committee, Faculty of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5 General Medicines, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
Correspondence Address:
Mohammad Bagher Hashemi-Soteh
Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center and Medical Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran
Iran
 Source of Support: Financial support was provided by MAZUMS/Iran (Grants No. 1262 and 89-115)., Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/1947-2714.118929
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Background: Haptoglobin is an acute phase protein with antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. Gene polymorphism may be a risk factor for diabetic vascular disease in Iranian population. Aims: The study investigates the existence or not of an association between haptoglobin genotypes and prevalence of diabetic microangiopathy in individuals with type 2 diabetic microangiopathy. Materials and Methods: We included 206 type 2 diabetic patients (>5 years duration) categorized into two groups according to the presence or absence of diabetic microvascular complications. The cases of interest were diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy identified during clinical and or laboratory examination. In addition, 114 age- and sex-matched individuals were selected to serve as a control group. Haptoglobin genotyping was done using an amplification gel electrophoresis. Results: The frequency of haptoglobin phenotype 2-1 in diabetic patients was 70/206 (33.9%) as compared with 54/114 (47.3%) in nondiabetics (P = 0.01). However, the frequency of haptoglobin phenotype 2-2 was greater in diabetics (126/114, 61.1%) than in those without diabetes (56/114, 49.1%; P = 0.02). Patients with diabetic microangiopathy; however, did not differ significantly between haptoglobin phenotype groups. Conclusions: Haptoglobin phenotype 2-2 is considered to be a major susceptibility gene for type 2 diabetic patients. Moreover, haptoglobin phenotype 2-1may be good prognostic factors for the development of diabetes mellitus. |
